A Global View on the Environmental Consequences of Antarctic Tourism

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Vol. 3 No. 9 (2018): Jul/Aug
Published: Jun 29, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i9.294
Keywords:
Antarctic Tourism, Environmental Impact, Categorisation, Global Perspective,
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Shahab Karimini
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
Sabarinah Sh. Ahmad
Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, University Teknology MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Rugayah Hashim
Faculty of Administrative Science and Policy Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
Zulhabri Ismail
Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, University Teknology MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract

Antarctica tourism evidently harms its ecosystem in direct and indirect ways. Ecosystems are dynamic and complex systems, which simultaneously depend on various humanity and natural factors. The nature of tourist activities continuously changes, which needs improved policies and protection standards. If the varied tourism activities and the diverse consequent impacts are not adequately addressed, they may not be thoroughly considered by international treaties. This can pose unacceptable environmental risks supposedly legally safeguarded by these treaties. Hence, this study studied Antarctic tourism impacts in five major groups from a global view. The results are useful for future legislations and implementations.

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How to Cite
Karimini, S., Sh. Ahmad, S., Hashim, R., & Ismail, Z. (2018). A Global View on the Environmental Consequences of Antarctic Tourism. Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies, 3(9), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v3i9.294

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Copyright (c) 2018 Shahab Karimini, Sabarinah Sh. Ahmad, Rugayah Hashim, Zulhabri Ismail

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